DAML Cheat Sheet: A Quick Guide to the Programming Language will code

DAML is a smart contract language developed by Digital Asset that is designed to simplify the process of creating and managing complex financial agreements. It is an open-source language that uses a functional programming paradigm and is built on top of Haskell. While DAML Cheat Sheet is relatively easy to learn, it can still be challenging for beginners to remember all of the syntax and semantics of the language. That’s where a DAML cheat sheet comes in handy.

In this article, we’ll provide a comprehensive DAML cheat sheet to help you quickly reference the most important concepts and syntax of the language.

Data Types and Declarations of DAML Cheat Sheet

DAML is a statically-typed language, which means that variables must be declared with their data type before they can be used. The following data types are supported in DAML:

• Int: an integer value
• Text: a string of characters
• Bool: a Boolean value (true or false)
• Decimal: a fixed-point decimal value
• Party: a participant in a DAML contract (e.g., a person or organization)
• Time: a timestamp
• List: a list of values of the same data type
• Map: a mapping between keys and values of different data types

Variable Declaration

To declare a variable in DAML Cheat Sheet, you must specify its data type, followed by its name. For example:

VBnet
let x: Int = 42
let y: Text = "Hello, world!"
let z: Bool = true

You can also declare multiple variables of the same type on the same line, separated by commas:

CSS
let a, b, c: Int = 1, 2, 3

Functions

In DAML, functions are first-class citizens, which means that they can be passed as arguments to other functions and returned as values. To define a function in DAML Cheat Sheet, use the daml keyword, followed by the function name, its arguments, and its return type. For example:

SQL
daml add(x: Int, y: Int): Int = x + y

This function takes two integer arguments (x and y) and returns their sum.

Conditional Statements

Conditional statements in DAML Cheat Sheet are similar to those in other programming languages. To perform a conditional check, use the if keyword, followed by the condition in parentheses. For example:

Python
if x > y then "x is greater than y" else "y is greater than or equal to x"

Loops

DAML supports several types of loops, including for loops and while loops. The syntax for these loops is similar to that of other programming languages. For example:

Java
for i in 1..10 do
  -- do something with i

while x > 0 do
  -- do something with x

Lists

Lists are a commonly used data structure in DAML. To create a list, use square brackets ([]) and separate the elements with commas. For example:

Java
let lst: List Int = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

You can also append elements to a list using the ++ operator:

Java
let lst2: List Int = lst ++ [6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

Maps

Maps are another commonly used data structure in DAML. To create a map, use curly braces ({}) and separate the key-value pairs with commas. For example:

Java
let map: Map Text Int = {"one": 1, "two": 2, "three": 3}

You can access and modify map values using the following syntax:

let val1 = map["one"]
let map2 = map with ["one" <- 4]

The first line retrieves the value associated with the key "one" from the map variable. The second line creates a new map called map2 that has the value associated with the key "one" replaced with the value 4.

Templates

Templates are the building blocks of DAML contracts. They define the data structure and behavior of a contract. To create a new template, use the template keyword, followed by the template name and its fields. For example:

template Token
  with
    owner: Party
    symbol: Text
    quantity: Int
  where
    signatory owner
    ensure quantity > 0

This template defines a new token contract that has an owner, a symbol, and a quantity field. The signatory keyword specifies that the owner of the contract is also the party that is authorized to sign it. The ensure keyword specifies that the quantity of tokens must be greater than 0.

Contracts

Contracts in DAML represent agreements between parties. They are created from templates and are updated through a series of commands. To create a new contract, use the create keyword, followed by the name of the template and its fields. For example:

SQL
create Token with owner = Alice, symbol = "ABC", quantity = 100

This command creates a new Token contract with Alice as the owner, the symbol "ABC", and a quantity of 100.

Commands

Commands in DAML are used to update the state of contracts. They can be used to create, archive, or exercise contracts. To execute a command, use the submit keyword, followed by the command. For example:

submit create Token with owner = Alice, symbol = "ABC", quantity = 100

This command creates a new Token contract with Alice as the owner, the symbol "ABC", and a quantity of 100.

Conclusion

DAML is a powerful and flexible programming language that is specifically designed for creating and managing complex financial contracts. While it can be challenging to learn, a DAML cheat sheet can be an invaluable resource for both beginners and experienced developers.

The cheat sheet provided in this article covers the most important concepts and syntax of the language, including data types, functions, conditional statements, loops, lists, maps, templates, contracts, and commands. With this cheat sheet at your fingertips, you’ll be able to quickly reference the syntax and semantics of DAML Cheat Sheet and create powerful and secure financial contracts with ease.